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- BORING MACHINE. No. 248,508. Patented Oct. 18,1881.

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N. SAUNDERS.

BORING MACHINE. No. 248,508. Patented Oct. 18,1881.

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UNIT D STATES PATENT OrFrcE.

NATHAN SAUNDERS, OF VVESTERLY, RHODE ISLAND- BORING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 248,508, dated October 18, 1881.

Application filed July 19, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, NATHAN SAUNDERS, a' citizen of the United States of America, residing at Westerly, in the county of Washington and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boring- Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertainsto make and use the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specifiation.

The important feature of my invention is in the combination of some of the well-known mechanical powers whereby, in a boring-machine which, when set set for use, the auger bores a hole to anyrequired depth, clears out the chips, and returns to its original position in awholly automatic manner by the mere turning of the crank.

1n the drawings, Figurel is a front view of the machine. Fig. 2 is a side view; Fig. 3, a section through the center of the horizontal shaft, and Fig. 4. a horizontal section through the carriage and frame.

A represents the base of the machine, to which are attached the semicircular stands B. The main upright frame 0 is pivoted to these stands at q, and by means of the nut-bolts r, sliding in the grooves 19 near the edges of the plates, it can be set at an y required angle. The auger-carriage D, in sliding upon the frame, is held in contact with it by the grooves 8, working upon the flanges s of the uprights of the frame.

The driving and anger shafts E and G are attached to the carriage by the boxes I, l,and

i, and are connected together by the beveled gears 70 and it, each being fast to its respective shaft, as in the ordinary way.

At the right of the gear 70 is a pinion, t, loose on the shaft and engaged with the rack M, which is fast to the frame 0. On the side of this pinion next to the driving-gear is a circular groove running nearly around the pinion, broken by two stops, which for some space of time in a series of revolutions intercept the arms 25 and t of the clutch b when they enter the grooves. This clutch is loose upon the shaft, andis regulated in its movements along this axis by the action of two springs, a and 0. These springs are of unequal strength, so that if left to their own action, 0 overpowers a and pushes the arms of the clutch into the grooves of the pinion, so that they strike against the stopsin the grooves when the shaft is revolved; but if the strong spring 0 is in some way kept back, the spring a pushes the clutch out of the groove,andthusrelieves thepinion. Thesprings are regulated by the shipper d-a crooked lever pivoted at (I -the part d embracing the shaft between the springs, and (1 connecting with the latch c.

a shows a stop on the main frame, which forces down the shipper (1 when that arm is brought up against it.

The latch c has at its upper end a catch, '0, to hold down the end (1 At the lower end of the latch is loosely fastened a thin plate,f, to run in the wormgwhen broughtin contact with it. This happens when the carriage moves down, so that j, which is beveled on one corner, strikes against the spur w-a projection from the gage K. The lower end of the latch is pushed out from'the frame by the spring-n, and this distance is regulated by the screw m, which sets the latch so as to intercept the worm at any point, thus determining the number of revolutions of the auger given to clear out the chips. The gage K, governing the depth of the hole to the board, slides upon the frame, and is held to it by flanges x and 1 working in the grooves .70 3 the flange 00 being notched on the edge to work with the pawl 1", kept in place by the spring 2.

The carriage is held to the upper part of the frame by a spring-catch, h, one end of which projects through the top edge of the carriage and shuts over a part of the front edge of the upper frame-piece.

L represents a handle over the center of gravity of the machine, for convenience of carrying.

In boring, the machine is operated in the manner hereinafter described. The frame is set at the same angle that a hole is to be bored by tightening the bolts r. The carriage being at the upper part of the frame and held by the catch h, and the auger in place, set the gage so that the distance between the projection 3 just below the spring a and the stop 2 on the lower part of the gage shall equal the required depth of the hole. In this position the parts of the machine are balanced as follows: The latch e, not touching the worm and pushed out by the spring it, holds down the horizontal arm d of the shipper, pressing back the strong spring so that the weak one keeps the arms of the clutch away from the pinion, thus allowing the shaft to turn without turning the pinion. The operator, sitting upon the base of the machine, presses the spring h, and the point of the auger receives the whole weight of the carriage and the parts attached thereto. By turning the crank this weight, together with the screw-point of the auger,bores a hole down into the wood till the projection 3 strikes against the stop 2, when it can go no farther. When the carriage was nearly down the loose plate f of the latch struck against the spur 10, which caused it to enter one of the grooves of the worm g. Now, the auger-point being stationary in the wood, but the rotations continuing, it breaks away the wood and carries the chips up till the plate f has had time to run across the worm, and at the same time letting go of the end of the shipper d When this lever is loosened the strong spring 0 is set free, and, forcing back the weak one, pushes the arms of the clutch through into the grooves of the pinion, when they strike against the stops in the grooves and lock the pinion to the main shaft. By this connection the carriage is run up the frame. Just as it starts, the platef, eased from the stop 10, and becoming free of the worm, is carried to its first position by the spring a. When the carriage reaches the upper part of the frame the catch h shuts over its fastening and holds it there, and instantly after the end (P of the shipper strikes against the stop a and is forced down, causing the other end, in connection with the shaft and springs, to force back the strong spring, which action allows the weak one to unlock the clutch from the pinion as soon as the pressure is removed by letting go the cranks; and now the positions of the parts are the same as they were before the machine commenced its work.

I am aware that the parts of my machine which do the boring are arranged in amanner similar to other machines in use; but the chief feature in myimprovement is a machine which draws the auger from the hole bored in a wholly automatic manner by a continuous rotation of the cranks.

What I claim as my invention, and wish to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a boringmachine, the clutch b on the driving-shaft, combined with the springs a and c, and train of mechanism, substantially as described, for shifting the latch.

2. The springs c and a, 0 being stronger than a,operatin g on the shaft E,combined with the shipper (l and its operating mechanism,for the purpose of connecting and disconnecting the clutch b with or from the pinion t, substantially as described and set forth.

3. The shipper d, a bentlever pivoted to the carriage at or, combined with the shaft E, spring 0, and latch 0, whereby the spring 0 is forced back to allow spring a to unlock the pinion t from the shaft E, which is accomplished when the horizontal arm (P of the lever strikes the projection to as the carriage moves up the frame, substantially as shown and described.

4. The latch e, in combination with the shipper d,and worm g for releasing said latch,setscrew m, spring a, and spur to, which operate to throw said latch into connection with the worm, substantially as specified and set forth.

5. The worm g upon the end of the shaft E, combined with the plate f of the latch e, and the train of mechanism connecting the clutch, substantially as specified,whereby, after a hole has been bored to any required depth, the number of revolutions necessary to break the auger loose and clear out the chips is determined before the carriage runs up the frame, substantially as set forth and described.

6. In a boringmachine, the gage k, combined with the flanges and y, grooves w and y, pawl r, and spring 2, whereby the anger is stopped when the hole has been bored to the proper depth, substantially as set forth and described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

NATHAN SAUNDERS.

Witnesses ELI$HA O. STILLMAN, EDWARD G. GUNDALL. 

